Michael Cates Public Lecture: Bulletproof Custards

Michael Cates Public Lecture: Bulletproof Custards

Formal & Physical Sciences Physics PHPhysicsPHFMaterials
🎙 Michael Cates 👥 249K 📅 November 3, 2016 ⏱ 64 min 👁 11K 📄 science communication 🧭 2026-08-27
Available in: English (current) Français

Keywords

shear thickeningdense suspensionsjammingflow curvesviscosity

Summary

In this public lecture at Perimeter Institute, Michael Cates, Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge, explains the physics of ‘bulletproof custard’—a dense suspension of cornstarch in water that behaves as a fluid under gentle stress but solidifies under rapid impact. He introduces the field of soft matter physics, highlighting everyday examples like toothpaste, shampoo, and liquid crystals. The central phenomenon is discontinuous shear thickening, where viscosity jumps dramatically beyond a critical stress, leading to flow instabilities and hysteresis. Cates presents experimental data showing flow curves with a characteristic ‘wiggle’ and explains that the standard model of hard-sphere suspensions cannot predict this behavior due to a lack of a characteristic time scale. He introduces a new model that incorporates interparticle friction, which becomes active at high stresses, causing the formation of force networks and jamming. The lecture includes live demonstrations and discusses applications in body armor technology. The talk concludes by outlining the theoretical framework and its implications for understanding and controlling the flow of complex fluids.

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Critical Evaluation

Value of the Information & Strength of the Argument

The lecture provides a clear and engaging introduction to a complex topic, using demonstrations and intuitive explanations. The argumentation is logically structured: starting from the observed phenomena, moving to the inadequacy of the standard model, and then presenting a new theoretical approach. Cates effectively uses flow curves and dimensional analysis to explain why the standard model fails and how friction resolves the issue. The value lies in making cutting-edge research accessible to a general audience while maintaining scientific rigor.

Scientific Rigor, Source Quality, Title Accuracy

The lecture is scientifically rigorous, presented by a leading expert in the field. Cates references his own research and collaborations, and the content aligns with published work on shear thickening. The title ‘Bulletproof Custard’ is catchy but accurately reflects the topic, as the lecture explains the physics behind the phenomenon. The sources cited are primarily the speaker’s own work and general knowledge, with no external references provided in the description. The lecture is well-structured and the demonstrations support the theoretical explanations.

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Title / Content Match

The title accurately reflects the content: the lecture explains the physics behind 'bulletproof custard' (shear-thickening fluids) with demonstrations and theoretical models.

Quality & Reliability

8/10

Lecture by a leading physicist (Lucasian Professor) presenting established and recent research on shear thickening, with clear explanations and demonstrations. The content is scientifically sound, but as a public lecture it simplifies complex topics and does not provide full peer-reviewed detail.

Key Moments

Cited Sources

Concurring Sources

Dissenting Sources

  • A different perspective on shear thickening — Some researchers attribute shear thickening to hydrodynamic interactions rather than friction, but this is not discussed in the lecture.

Contribution & Novelties

The lecture presents a novel theoretical model for discontinuous shear thickening in dense suspensions, based on the activation of interparticle friction at high stresses. This model explains the sudden viscosity jump and flow instabilities, which were previously unexplained by the standard hard-sphere model. The talk also highlights the importance of the jamming concentration and how friction controls it.

Pour aller plus loin :

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Radar Profile

The radar profile shows high scores in quality and reliability, reflecting the expert presentation and solid scientific basis. The quantity of information is also high, but the technical level is moderate, indicating that the lecture is accessible to a general audience while still providing depth. The overall balance is strong, with a slight dip in technical complexity.

Reliability 9/10

💬 No comments were provided for analysis.