Active Load Differential Amplifiers (1): BJT & CMOS

Active Load Differential Amplifiers (1): BJT & CMOS

🎙 Vincent Chang 👥 2K 📅 February 20, 2022 ⏱ 11 min 👁 1K 📄 tutorial 🧭 2026-08-17
Available in: English (current) Français

Keywords

differential amplifieractive loadBJTCMOSsmall-signal analysis

Summary

This tutorial, presented by Vincent Chang, focuses on the small-signal analysis of active load differential amplifiers, covering both BJT and CMOS implementations. The video begins with a BJT differential pair with a current mirror as the active load, deriving the differential voltage gain by inspection. The analysis involves calculating the emitter resistance, applying Ohm’s law, and using current mirror action to find the output current. The Norton equivalent circuit is introduced, leading to the gain expression gm*(ro2||ro4). The video then extends the analysis to CMOS, showing a similar approach with transconductance and output resistances. The instructor emphasizes the importance of understanding the Norton equivalent and the parallel combination of output resistances. The video concludes with a preview of the next part, which will delve deeper into the output resistance calculation. The content is technical and assumes prior knowledge of transistor operation and small-signal models.

144 words

Critical Evaluation

Value of the Information & Strength of the Argument

The video provides a clear, step-by-step derivation of the differential gain for active load amplifiers, which is valuable for students and engineers in analog IC design. The argumentation is logical and methodical, using circuit analysis techniques such as Ohm’s law, Kirchhoff’s laws, and current mirror principles. The instructor’s approach of solving by inspection is efficient and demonstrates a deep understanding of the circuit. The comparison between BJT and CMOS highlights the similarities and differences, reinforcing the concepts. The video is well-structured, with pauses encouraged for note-taking, and the mathematical derivations are accurate. The main value lies in the practical method for quickly estimating gain, which is essential for circuit design.

Scientific Rigor, Source Quality, Title Accuracy

The scientific rigor is high, as the content is based on established microelectronics theory. The instructor is a Ph.D. with extensive teaching experience, lending credibility. However, the video does not cite specific sources or references, relying on standard textbook knowledge. The title accurately reflects the content, and the video is well-organized. The lack of formal citations is a minor weakness, but the content itself is reliable. The video is a tutorial, not a research presentation, so the absence of citations is acceptable. The title is precise and matches the content exactly.

216 words

Title / Content Match

The title accurately describes the content: a tutorial on active load differential amplifiers, covering both BJT and CMOS implementations.

Quality & Reliability

8/10

The video is a technical tutorial by an experienced educator (Ph.D. in EE, 30 years teaching). The content is mathematically rigorous, with clear step-by-step derivations. However, the transcription has some errors and the video lacks formal citations, relying on established textbook knowledge.

Key Moments

Contribution & Novelties

The video offers a concise, inspection-based method for analyzing active load differential amplifiers, which is a common but often complex topic in analog IC design. It bridges the gap between BJT and CMOS by showing the parallel analysis, which is pedagogically effective. The emphasis on the Norton equivalent and the parallel combination of output resistances is a key takeaway.

Pour aller plus loin :

  • Differential amplifier — Provides background on differential amplifier basics.
  • Current mirror — Explains the current mirror concept used in the circuit.
  • Early effect — Discusses the Early voltage, which is used in the gain simplification.

99 words

Radar Profile

The radar profile shows high scores in technical level and information quality, indicating a dense, expert-level tutorial. The moderate scores in quantity and reliability suggest a focused but not exhaustive treatment, with no external citations. Overall, it is a solid educational resource for advanced students.

Reliability 8/10